Flags and possible uniform of French Irish Regiment Bourke or Burke 1699-1715

This was an Irish regiment created out of the two Jacobite regiments Queen's Guards and Klincarthy in February 1698 by Henry Luttrell, according to Susane. Given the 18th June 1699 to Walter Count Bourke (or Burke) (or Lieutenant-Colonel Raymond Count Bourke according to Kronoskaf WSS). A single battalion strong.

Service:

1702: Army of Italy; combat of Chiari
1702: Defence of Cremona; battle of Luzzara
1703: Combats of Santa Vittoria and San-Benedetto
1704: Sieges of Verceil, Ivrée and Vérue
1705: Battle of Cassano
1706: Siege and battle of Turin
1707: Army of Spain; siege of Lerida
1708: Siege of Tortosa
1710-1712: Army of the Alps
1712: Army of Roussillon
1714: Siege of Barcelona

(Very curiously Kronoskaf's account has the regiment at Oudenarde 1708 and Malplaquet 1709 and later campaigns in Flanders, which does not agree with Susane's account nor that in Hall's volume on the infantry of Louis XIV. Kronoskaf's OOBs for Oudenarde and Malplaquet do not include the regiment.)

1715: Transferred to the service of Spain as the “Regimiento del Principe de Astúrias” (aka “Wachop Infantry”). 1718 renamed Irlanda, then disbanded in 1818.

The uniform in French service is not certain but may have been red with blue facings (as it was later in Spanish service), something like this:

Speculative Leibfahne of Austro-Hungarian regiments raised 1741-2 (but based on the surviving Leibfahne in the HGM)

I was reminded today by a request on the Seven Years War Wargaming Facebook page that I had not yet posted the long-promised speculative Leibfahne to go with my speculative version of the Ordinairfahne of Hungarian regiments raised 1741-2 (see below for a copy of the flag and text I posted on the 26th of March last year). So I hastily finished the almost complete flag and sent it to the requestee (R M Davies of the splendid Jemima Fawr Blog: http://www.jemimafawr.co.uk/ ). Here it is for anyone else who would like it, with a Madonna based on that of the surviving Leibfahne from the early 1740s in the HGM:

 

[This is my speculative version of the Ordinairfahne of Hungarian regiments raised 1741-2. All we know is that the base colour was red. No other design details are known but it is highly likely that the flags followed what we think of as the classic Austrian  flag design of the reign of Maria Theresa.

S. Summerfield in his Austrian Infantry of the Seven Years War (2nd Edition) lists the following six Hungarian regiments as having been raised in 1741: IR2 Erzherzog Karl; IR31 Haller; IR32 Forgách; IR33 Nicolaus Esterházy; IR37 Josef Esterházy; and IR52 Bethlen. So any (or all) of these could carry this red flag in the WAS.

I must also finish and post the 1741 version of the Leibfahne; I have not yet been able to complete the Madonna figure on the flag to my satisfaction...]

Flags and uniform of Prussian Garrison Regiment VI

First raised 1741 as the Brieg Garrison Regiment. Expanded from 2 battalions to 4 in June 1756.

1741-1746 garrisoned only Brieg but from 1747-1756 garrisoned the fortresses of Cosel and Brieg and also Namslau.

In 1758 the 4th battalion accompanied the royal army on its campaign in Northern Moravia and was at the siege of Olmütz. In 1759 it was again with the royal army. In 1760 it was employed in Prinz Heinrich's Corps along with six other garrison regiments, replacing five line regiments too weakened by their losses. In 1761 the 4th battalion was assigned to Goltz's Corps which was supposed to advance against Posen but in June it was given to Zieten's Corps. In 1761 the battalion was with the army in Silesia.

The grenadiers formed a grenadier battalion with the grenadiers of Garrison Regiment no.8 in the Seven Years War and suffered heavy losses at Hochkirch and Kunersdorf.

And this was the uniform in 1756:

Flag Dutch Infantry Regiment Aylva captured Seneffe 1674 and depicted in the Triomphes Louis XIV

This is my version of the Dutch Aylva Infantry Regiment flag captured at Seneffe 1674 by the French and depicted in the Triomphes Louis XIV. I was asked to produce the Colonel's flag for the sake of completeness but note that it is totally speculative and it is probably best avoided by authenticity freaks!

For regimental details please see my other captured flags of the Aylva regiment posted on Saturday 12th October.

Flag and uniform of Dutch Infantry Regiment Ingen-Nielant/Gent/Essen/Plettenberg late 17th to early 18th century

First raised 1622 for the Count van Nassau-Dietz. One battalion strong. Province of Geldern

This is my version of the flag of Regiment Ingen-Nielant/Gent/Essen/Plettenberg. Boxel's manual of 1672 merely notes that the flag had blue and white flames, which is all we know, and Bruno Mugnai in his Helion book on the Dutch army 1660-1687 recreates it with a central motif of a bunch of arrows, a common Dutch emblem. For the overall design I used the pattern of flames as shown on the Aylva flag captured at Seneffe 1674 by the French, and on which I am also working. I have chosen an alternative emblem of the armoured arm with a sword for my version. I have been asked for a plausible Colonel's flag so came up with the flag below. Hall shows an example of a Dutch flag claimed to be of this regiment and captured by the French in 1746 at Namur (it is depicted in the Triomphes Louis XV), and suggests it may represent a suitable Colonel's flag. But to my mind Dutch flags changed quite significantly from the WSS to mid-18th century so I am not at all convinced this would be suitable for the WSS or earlier.

This is the page from Boxel's 1672 manual listing flag colours:

Colonels: 1622-1642 Willem Count van Nassau-Dietz; 1642-1661 Eustachius Puchler; 1661-1668 Daniel de Gennis Felin; 1668-1676 Johan Ingen Nielant; 1676-1682 Joachim van Gent, Baron van Meynderswijk; 1682-1699 Philips van Essen van Vanenburg; 1699-1717 Maurits Hendrik van Plettenberg, Herr van Leenhuysen (1702 Brigadier and 1709 General-major)

Service history:

1702: Posted to Sluis
1702-1703: Winter quarters in Flanders
1703: Battle of Stekene
1703-1704: Winter quarters in Flanders
1705: March-April Garrison of Hulst
1710: Siege of Douai

And this was probably the uniform in the late 17th century and also much of the WSS:

Flags and uniform of Prussian Garrison Regiment VII

First raised 1741 as the Stettin Garrison Regiment. 6 battalions strong before the Seven Years War. Garrisoned: 1st Battalion Glogau; 2nd Breslau; 3rd and 4th Berlin. In early 1757 the two Berlin battalions were doubled. The 5th was formed in Dresden and 6th in Berlin. The 3rd and 5th battalions were used to occupy Saxon forts on the Elbe.

On October 16th 1757, when Hadik's Corps raided Berlin, six companies of the regiment were part of the force defending; their commander Major von Tesmar was killed and the defenders routed. The 2nd battalion was allowed to retire when Breslau fell to the Austrians in November. In 1758 the 3rd and 5th battalions were with the Prussian army of Saxony and the 6th was sent to help garrison Küstrin, then besieged by the Russians. In 1759 the 3rd and 5th battalions were still with the army of Saxony and when Dresden surrendered on September 4th they were included in the haul of prisoners. On September 8th they were allowed to retire to Wittenberg. In 1760 they defended Leipzig. The two Berlin battalions were captured by the Russians on October 9th that year. And finally after the battle of Burkersdorf the 1st battalion was called from Glogau to help with the siege of Schweidnitz in 1762.

The grenadiers were with those of Fusilier Regiment 47 forming Wangenheim Grenadiers, who fought at Prague and Kolin in 1757, the siege of Olmütz and the battle of Domstadtl in 1758, and the incursion into Poland to destroy Russian magazines in 1759. In 1761 they took part in the defence of Colberg and then in 1762 in the siege and recapture of Schweidnitz.

And this was the uniform in 1756:

Flags and uniform of Prussian Garrison Regiment VIII

As a Completist I have been frustrated for some time that I have not yet posted all the flags of the Prussian garrison regiments on the blog. As long ago as 2014 I posted the flags of Prussian garrison regiments 1, 2, 3, 5 and 9. I know they have seen some service with a number of wargame armies; I have the pictures to prove it! When I mentioned the remainder of the flags on two occasions since there was little enthusiasm for them so I did nothing (apart from working on them behind the scenes). However, as I am still embroiled in writing up the long, long texts for the French infantry regiments of Warburg, I thought I'd please myself and keep things ticking over with occasional postings of garrison regiment flags, starting today with no.8. Some of the garrison regiments saw very serious active service; this was not one of them!

Prussian Garrison Regiment No.8 First raised 1741. Garrison of Glatz, Neisse, Habelschwerdt, Bolkenhain and Freiburg from 1753-1756. 2 battalions strong.

Captured at Glatz when the place surrendered to the Austrians in July 1760. Not raised again until March 1763 when the Austrians evacuated Glatz. Four battalions strong from 1764-1788; three were stationed in Glatz and one in Reichenbach.

And this was the uniform in 1756:

Flag and uniform of Danish Schack Infantry Regiment late 17th to early 18th century

As the Warburg 1760 French infantry flag texts are long and taking a lot of time to complete I am posting another Danish infantry flag of the late 17th and early 18th century to keep things ticking over on the blog.

Schack's Infantry Regiment: Formed 1677 as Billes Independent Company. Increased to one battalion in 1683 and a regiment in 1688. Garrison in Copenhagen (Christianshavn and the Citadel) and Kronborg 1701-1709. 13 companies strong.

Commanders: H. Schack 1688: J. B. Schwertzell or Schwärtzell 1701: Prins Karl von Hessen-Philipsthal 1704: D. E. Zepelin 1710

Served in the Scanian Campaign; battle of Gadebusch and siege of Tönning. 1714 incorporated in the Sjaellandske Regiment.

The flag was an old one turned in by the regiment in 1714.

And this was probably the uniform before 1712:

Two Further Standards of the Danish 1st and 2nd Jyske Cavalry Regiments

For the moment these are my last Danish cavalry standards, two further standards of the Danish 1st and 2nd Jyske Cavalry Regiments according to Höglund and Sapherson, as credited on the sheet. Regimental details are noted in previous postings with standards of these regiments.

Possible standard of the Danish Livgarden til Hest late 17th to early 18th Century (see disclaimer below!)

Disclaimer: We do not know the standard for the regiment in the early years of the century or at the end of the 17th century; a later standard of 1720 does exist. Sapherson describes an existing unattributed standard which has the Great State Shield (exactly as the Foot Guards has - see my previous post with that flag) with a wildman on each side, with a small crowned F4 cipher in each top corner. He speculates that this might be of the Livgarden til Hest (or even the Livregiment). This is the standard I have recreated here. Use or not as you wish! I felt it was too interesting a standard not to create and offer it...

 

Livgarden til Hest

Raised 1661.

Served in the Scanian Campaign 1709-1710. Campaigned in Mecklenburg and Pomerania 1711-1716.

And this was probably the uniform in 1711:

Probable standards of the Danish Jyske Cavalry in the early 18th Century (after Sapherson)

Sapherson, in his volume on the Danish Army 1699-1715, describes and depicts two standards which are remarkably similar to the one shown in Höglund (see my last post), even down to the date 1706 and the motto on one of them. The detail is different, though, with gold work and fringes, and a red lined crown, which makes them look rather livelier than the Höglund standard. He suggests they are also Jyske regiment standards, which seems likely.

Standards of the Danish 1st Jyske Cavalry Regiment early 18th Century

First raised 1670  and then separated into 1st and 2nd Jyske Cuirassiers in 1675.

Served in the Great Northern War; in Scanian Campaigns 1709 and 1710. Fought in the battle of Gadebusch on 20th December 1712. It did not fight in the War of the Spanish Succession. This was the only Danish cavalry regiment to wear the full cuirass.

This is the standard depicted by Höglund in his The Great Northern War 1700-1721 Volume II with the date 1706 on it:

And this was probably the uniform in the early part of the 18th century (to 1711):

 

And this depicts them in full cuirass and helmet:

 

Standards of the Danish Livregimentet til Hest late 17th to early 18th Century

I can't seem to let go of the Danish cavalry standards yet so here are my versions of the standards and uniiform of the Livregimentet til Hest.

First raised 1672 as the Holstenske Rytterregiment but renamed Livregimentet til Hest 1673.

In the pay of the Dutch Republic 1701-1713. In North Germany in the Great Northern War 1715-1716.

Strength 8 staff officers and 6 companies in 2 squadrons with a total strength of 440 officers and men.

In the service of Holland 1701-1713.

I have recreated the Colonel's standard from verbal descriptions as I know of no image of the standard; the sheet was white with much gold embroidery, apparently. The other two standards are company standards. These were probably carried from 1699 to at least the end of the WSS.

 

Service in the WSS:

1702: Siege and capture of Liège
1704: With Marlborough's Army; 13th August battle of Blenheim; sieges of Trarbach and Saarburg
1706: Distinguished service at the battle of Ramillies; sieges of Antwerp, Ostend, Menin, Ath, Dendermonde and Oudenarde
1708: 11th July battle of Oudenarde
1709: Siege of Tournai; 11th September battle of Malplaquet
1714: Returned to Denmark

And this was probably the uniform in the WSS:

Standards of the Danish 2nd Sjaellandske Cavalry Regiment late 17th to early 18th Century

These are probably the last Danish cavalry standards for the moment as I feel the need to go back to the mid-18th century; there are French Warburg flags crying out to be written up and posted!

Danish 2nd Sjællandske Cavalry Regiment

First raised 1670 but split into 1st and 2nd JyskeSjællandske Cavalry in 1675.

Strength 8 staff officers and 6 companies in 2 squadrons with a total strength of 440 officers and men.

In the service of Holland 1701-1713.

Service in the WSS:

1702: Siege and capture of Liège
1704: With Marlborough's Army; 13th August battle of Blenheim; sieges of Trarbach and Saarburg
1706: Distinguished service at the battle of Ramillies; sieges of Antwerp, Ostend, Menin, Ath, Dendermonde and Oudenarde
1708: 11th July battle of Oudenarde
1709: Siege of Tournai; 11th September battle of Malplaquet
1713: Returned to Denmark

These standards carry the cipher of King Christian V, who ruled Denmark 1670-1699. It is known that standards with his cipher were carried well into the reign of his successor Frederick IV.

And this was probably the uniform in the WSS:

Standards of the Danish 2nd Jyske Cavalry Regiment late 17th to early 18th Century

First raised 1670 as Livregiment Ryttere and Rantzau’s Independent Company but split into 1st and 2nd Jyske Cavalry in 1675.

Strength 8 staff officers and 6 companies in 2 squadrons with a total strength of 440 officers and men.

In the service of Great Britain and Holland 1701-1713. Served in the Great Northern War 1715-1716 in North Germany, then in Norway 1718-1719.

Service in the WSS:

1702: Siege and capture of Liège
1704: With Marlborough's Army; 13th August battle of Blenheim; sieges of Trarbach and Saarburg
1706: Distinguished service at the battle of Ramillies (where the colonel Adam Marcus Utterwich (aka Uterwick) was killed in action); sieges of Antwerp, Ostend, Menin, Ath, Dendermonde and Oudenarde
1708: 11th July battle of Oudenarde
1709: Siege of Tournai; 11th September battle of Malplaquet
1713: Returned to Denmark

And this was probably the uniform in the WSS:

Standards of the Danish 3rd Jyske Cavalry Regiment late 17th to early 18th Century

3rd Jyske Cavalry Regiment (Jutland)

First raised 1670 as 2nd Jyske Cavalry Regiment but split into 3rd and 4th in 1675.

Strength 8 staff officers and 6 companies in 2 squadrons with a total strength of 440 officers and men.

In the service of Great Britain and Holland 1701-1712. Served in the Great Northern War 1715-1716 in North Germany.

Service in the WSS:

1702: Siege and capture of Liège
1704: With Marlborough's Army; 13th August battle of Blenheim; sieges of Trarbach and Saarburg
1706: Distinguished service at the battle of Ramillies 23rd May; sieges of Antwerp, Ostend, Menin, Ath, Dendermonde and Oudenarde
1708: 11th July battle of Oudenarde
1709: Siege of Tournai; 11th September battle of Malplaquet
1713: Returned to Denmark

These standards carry the cipher of King Christian V, who ruled Denmark 1670-1699. It is known that standards with his cipher were carried well into the reign of his successor Frederick IV.

As the PNG version of this file was so very large (8.6 MBs) I have chosen this time to upload a JPEG version. Closely examining the two side by side I cannot see that the JPEG loses much, if any, detail but is a very much smaller file at only around 2 MBs.

And this was probably the uniform in the WSS:

Standards of the Danish 1st Sjaellandske Cavalry Regiment late 17th to early 18th Century

First raised 1670. Divided into 1st and 2nd Sjaellendske Regiments in 1675.

Service:

Served in the Great Northern War; landing at Humlebaek 1700; Scanian Campaign 1709 and 1710; battle of Wismar 1711; battle of Gadebusch and sieges of Stade and Stralsund 1712. Sent to Zealand 1716.

Disbanded 1721.

The motto on the standard means: "Everything Has Its Time" (one of many mottoes carried by the various standards of this regiment).

And this was probably the uniform late 17th to early 18th century:

Flags and Uniform Dutch Infantry Regiment Aylva/Schratenbach/Ockinga/Nassau-Dillenberg Late 17th/Early 18th Century

First raised 1577 One battalion strong

Aylva from 1637-1694 under various commanders named Aylva, then Schratenbach 1694-1706 and then Ockinga 1706-1711. Nassau-Dillenberg 1711-1727

Service history:

1689: Battle of Walcourt
1690: Battle of Fleurus [where it was badly mauled and flags captured]
1692: Battle of Steinkirk
1693: Battle of Neerwinden-Landen

War of the Spanish Succession:

1702: Defence of Hulst; captured as POWs but soon exchanged
1704: In Portugal with the army of the Duke of Schomberg
1708: Battle of Oudenarde
1709: September to October siege and capture of Mons
1710: July to August siege of Béthune
1712: In Flanders

The flags were captured by the French as shown on the plate; the motto on the flags was that of the Aylva family:

And this was probably the uniform in much of the WSS (although there is evidence that they may have had blue uniforms in the 1690s):

And this shows the flags in use with Simon Miller's splendid version of the regiment:

(The unit had not had its final basing at the time the photograph was taken by Simon.)

Two Extra Generic Austrian Cuirassier Standards For Regiments Without Known Standards - Useful for WSS to SYW and also late 17th century, probably

To complete the set and add to the variety possible I offer two extra generic Austrian cuirassier standards, in yellow and green.

Generic Austrian Cuirassier Standards For Regiments Without Known Standards - Useful for WSS to SYW and also late 17th century, probably

As a favour I put together a sheet of generic Austrian cuirassier standards, based on work I did many years ago, for those relatively many regiments whose standards we do not know. They should be useful for much of the 18th century, at least the WSS to the SYW and probably the late 17th century. So here they are:

Standards of the Danish 5th Jyske Cavalry Regiment late 17th to early 18th Century

Strength 8 staff officers and 6 companies in 2 squadrons with a total strength of 440 officers and men.

In the service of Great Britain and Holland 1701-1714

These standards carry the cipher of King Christian V, who ruled Denmark 1670-1699. It is known that standards with his cipher were carried well into the reign of his successor Frederick IV. The cloth is damask.

And this was probably the uniform in the WSS:

Standards of the Spanish Carabineros Reales in the Seven Years War

This is the last set of Spanish cavalry standards recreated by me earlier this year for Lewis Simpson-Jones.

Carabineros Reales first raised 1732 from the carabinier units of various line cavalry regiments. It had precedence over  all cavalry units except for the Reales Guardias de Corpas. Consisted of 4 squadrons each of 3 companies.

Service:

1733-1735: War of the Polish Succession; in Italy and fought at the battle of Bitonto 1734

1740-1748: War of the Austrian Succession: In Italy; 1743 battle of Campo Santo; August 1745 the forcing of the passage of the Tanaro River

SYW: No information

[Details from Kronoskaf]

And this was the uniform in 1737; by the SYW it was little different:

[From NYPL: https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47d9-99a8-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99 ]

Guidons and uniform of Spanish Reina Dragoons in the Seven Years War

This is the third set of Spanish cavalry flags commissioned by Lewis Simpson-Jones this summer. As I explained previously, I recreated the cavalry standards and guidons from verbal descriptions in a Spanish source, along with some rather poor 18th century images.

First raised 1735 as Real de las Reina Dragones. 12 companies strong.

Service:

1742: To Italy
1743: Battle of Campo Santo
1745: Sieges and capture of Seravalle and Tortona; occupation of Piacenza and Parma; capture of Pavia; battle of Bassignano; siege and capture of Alessandria; attack on Cassale di Monferrato
1746: Attack on Codogno; battle of Piacenza; battle of Rottofreddo; occupation of Oneglia, Nice and Exiles
1748: Back to Spain

Seven Years War:

1757: Stationed at Rivera
1758: To Merida then Andalucia
1760: To Jeréz de la Frontera
1762: On the way to the planned invasion of Portugal; by April at Ciudad Rodrigo where a total of 10,000 troops had assembled. By June the whole regiment was at Gallegos. August at the siege of Almeida, which capitulated 25th August. September invaded Portugal and at the capture of Salvatierra 9th September. October 1st at an encounter with the enemy at Sarcedas. October 26th at the siege of Elvas and Campo Mayor. November at Montijo at end of hostilities.

And this was probably the uniform in the Seven Years War:

Flag of the Danish Grenadier Corps from 1709

This unit was created 1701 from the grenadier companies of the Livgarden, Dronningens, Prins Georg, Prins Christians, Sjaellandske, Jydske, Oldenborgske, Schwärtzels and Mörners regiments.

Served in Scania and North Germany 1709-1715

 

And this was probably the uniform 1708-1709:

The Great Northern War 1700-1721, Volume II by Höglund et al, tells us that in 1709 "the regimental commander requested a pair of colours. Their appearance, however, is unknown". But Sapherson in his volume on the Danish Army 1699-1715 does give us this design.

My feeling is that every unit on the wargames table, if possible, should have flags and this is especially so when we know that a unit did carry flags but we do not know the actual design. I apologise if this is heresy to some! ;-)

Guidons and uniform of Spanish Sagunto Dragoons in the Seven Years War

This is the second set of cavalry flags commissioned by Lewis Simpson-Jones this summer. As I explained previously, I recreated the cavalry standards and guidons from verbal descriptions in a Spanish source, along with some rather poor 18th century images.

Sagunto Dragoons, then called Camprodon Dragoons, first raised 1703; 500 strong, in 5 squadrons each of 2 companies.

The guidons date from about 1750.

Service:

1703: Blockade of Arronches; sieges of Portalegre and Castelo de Vide
1705: Siege of Gibraltar (failed); occupation of Alcañiz and the castle of Morella
1706: Attack on Villareal; failed defence of Murviedro
1707: Siege and capture of Egea; attack on insurgents at Sábada; relief of Verdun and Borja
1709: Attack on allied camp defending the bridge of Montañana
1710: To Catalonia; battle of Saragossa; combat of Villaviciosa
1711: In the mountains of Aragon and Catalonia; capture of Castle of Arenys and Benasque; failed siege of Cardona
1712: Relief of Arenys
1713: Campaign against the Catalan insurgents
1714: Siege and capture of Barcelona

1715: Now 12 companies of 30 men each

1718: Renamed Sagunto

1720: Coast of North Africa; relief of Ceuta
1721: Back to Spain

1732: Reconquest of Oran, North Africa

1741: To Italy
1743: Passage of the Tanaro and battle of Campo Santo
1745: Siege and capture of Tortona; storm of Piacenza; capture of Parma and Pavia; battle of Bassignano
1746: Battle of Piacenza; battle of Rottofreddo
1747: Retreat to Provence and Languedoc
1748: Return to Catalonia

Seven Years War:

1762: With the Army of Castile for the Invasion of Portugal. Allocated to the Reserve of the army gathered at Zamora. In May the Reserve crossed the Portuguese border and marched on Brandilanes. July 8th it retired to Ciudad Rodrigo. October to cantonments at Malpartida.

(Text summarised from Kronoskaf SYW entry.)

And this was the uniform in the mid-18th century: